Cost-effectiveness of additional abatement options for cleaner air

Since air quality measures can be effectuated quicker under national policy than under European policy, further improvement of the air quality in the Netherlands up to 2015 will have to come from extra measures at national level. This approach is also more cost-effective than introducing the more stringent European emission standards for road vehicles. Measures include road pricing, technical measures in the storage and handling of bulk goods and placement of air scrubbers in the larger pig and poultry housing systems.