TIMER: Targets Image Energy Regional model

TIMER is a global energy model that can be used both integrated within the IMAGE framework and as stand-alone model. The main objectives of TIMER are to analyze the long-term dynamics of energy conservation and the transition to non-fossil fuels within an integrated modeling framework. The present model version is implemented for 17 world regions. In the TIMER-model, a combination of bottom-up engineering information and specific rules and mechanisms about investment behavior and technology is used to simulate the structural dynamics of the energy system. The output is a rather detailed picture of how energy intensity, fuel costs and competing non-fossil supply technologies develop over time.