The relationship between nature and people is changing, which raises the question of how policies could respond. This book includes five essays, by internationally renowned philosophers, elaborating…
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to further decline, making it difficult to reach the 2050 policy vision. This study elaborates four ‘perspectives’ on the future of nature in the…
How deep is your love – Of nature? A psychological and spatial analysis of the depth of feelings towards Dutch nature areas
The most binding nature protection policy in the Netherlands and EU primarily designates areas based on ecological value, ensuring their sustained protection. Of less concern to these policies are the…
Indicators and modelling of land use, land management and ecosystem services
This report provides the technical description of seven models on ecosystem services on a European scale. The ecosystem services included are carbon sequestration, erosion prevention, flood regulation…
BioScore 2.0, a species-by-species model to assess anthropogenic impacts on terrestrial biodiversity in Europe
The BioScore 2.0 model analyses impacts of human-induced pressures on European terrestrial biodiversity. The model can be used for scenario analysis and the assessment of policy options. This report…
A survey amongst 9000 EU citizens reveals the images and values of nature in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The survey is part of…
Natural capital in the Netherlands: Recognising its true value
Nature provides all kinds of goods and services that offer economic opportunities, such as a water, food, building materials and recreation areas. However, this 'natural capital' is under pressure due…
Pragmatic governance in a changing landscape. Exploring the potential of embedded pragmatism for addressing global biodiversity conservation
The changing societal landscape has become a breeding ground for non-state actors as ‘new agents of change’ who contribute to dealing with global issues, such as biodiversity conservation and climate…
Investigating the challenges and opportunities for scaling up ecosystem restoration
Land degradation and restoration have become increasingly central to international policy discussions given the launch of Sustainable Development Goal 15 – Life on Land. This background report…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
