Company car drivers' preference for alternative fuel vehicles
The costs related to car use are very different for company cars drivers than they are for private car owners. Car use, decisions on car choice and preferences for certain car characteristics may…
Exceedances of the NO2 limit value in the Netherlands partly due to higher than expected real-world emissions from cars and trucks
Since the 1990s, 'Euro' standards have been in effect to reduce air pollutants in exhaust emissions from passenger cars and trucks. National and international research has shown that the actual…
Implications of innovative options for transport on the level of the energy system
There are several options for a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from transport, in the Netherlands, by 2050. In addition to efficiency improvements, new types of fuels, such as electricity…
Regional GHG reduction targets based on effort sharing: a comparison of studies
The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report noted that Annex I countries’ targets for 2020 would need to be 25% to 40% below the 1990 level to be in line with the 2° Celsius (C) target. What is the equivalent…
The European Commission has launched a discussion with its Green Paper on climate and energy policies. PBL has analysed the effects of various assumptions on Member States' emission targets for 2030…
Climate impact of transportation A model comparison
Transportation contributes to a significant and rising share of global energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore modeling future travel demand, its fuel use, and resulting CO 2 emission is…
Methods for calculating transport emissions in the Netherlands
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emission of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions…
Influence of travel behavior on global CO2 emissions
Travel demand is rising steeply and its contribution to global CO 2 emissions is increasing. Different studies have shown possible mitigation through technological options, but so far few studies have…
Use and effectiveness of economic instruments in the decarbonisation of passenger cars
The European Commission aims at a 60% reduction in CO 2 emissions from transport by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. The Commission stresses that the decarbonisation of the transport sector depends…
The Netherlands in 2040: A country of regions - Spatial Outlook 2011
For many years spatial and transport planning has been a process of guiding and directing growth. Population, housing stock, jobs and kilometres travelled more or less continuously increased for…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
