The Multiple Roles of ICLEI: Intermediating to Innovate Urban Biodiversity Governance
The increasing relevance of cities as transnational actors raises the need to align strategic environmental planning at local levels with the implementation of global goals. To bridge this gap…
Land use related to human consumption patterns leads to significant loss of biodiversity. Here, the implications of using different indicators in the calculation of biodiversity footprints caused by…
Identifying the drivers for succesful implementation of the Birds and Habitats Directives
There are a large number of factors that drive the success of conservation measures for habitats and species. PBL has contributed to a study to assess these drivers. The legitimate status that…
The future of biomass and bioenergy deployment and trade: a synthesis of 15 years IEA Bioenergy Task 40 on sustainable bioenergy trade
Current biomass production and trade volumes for energy and new materials and bio‐chemicals are only a small fraction to achieve the bioenergy levels suggested by many global energy and climate change…
Insights from the intellectual history of the Global Environment Outlook
The Global Environment Outlook (GEO) has successfully established a template for global, regional and local reporting on environment and development. GEO highlights upcoming challenges and options for…
PCLake+: an extended version of the lake water quality model PCLake
The lake ecosystem model PCLake is a process-based model that was developed to simulate water quality based on ecological interactions in shallow, non-stratifying lakes in the temperate climate zone.
Identifying the key drivers of success for Natura 2000
Although the European Union will probably not meet its biodiversity goals for 2020, EU nature policy has resulted in some improvements. Member states have reported cases of better conservation status…
The scope for better industry representation in long-term energy models: Modeling the cement industry
Although the cement industry emits around 6% of global CO2 emissions, most global Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) barely represent this industrial subsector or do not cover all important processes…
Drivers of declining CO2 emissions in 18 developed economies
Global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from fossil fuels and industry increased by 2.2% per year on average between 2005 and 2015. Global emissions need to peak and decline rapidly to limit…
Implications of various effort-sharing approaches for national carbon budgets and emission pathways
The bottom-up approach of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in the Paris Agreement has led countries to self-determine their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets. The planned…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
