The Sustainable City study of the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) uses an analytical–deliberative approach to generate integrated options for strategic, long-term urban development…
Climate and Energy Roadmaps towards 2050 in north-western Europe
Although energy markets are interlinked and energy companies operate internationally, European countries have a strong national focus in their climate and energy policies. Countries have little regard…
Shifting Gear: Beyond Classical Mobility Policies and Urban Planning
The ‘big’ agenda for sustainable mobility is that of climate change and natural resources. Many options to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transport have been identified, however…
Air Pollution Policy in Europe: Quantifying the Interaction with Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Policies
An analysis of several variants of EU’s air pollution policies for the year 2020 shows that that carbon prices will fall, but not more than 33%, although they could drop to zero when the EU agrees on…
The role of the land use, land use change and forestry sector in achieving Annex I reduction pledges
Industrialized countries and economies in transition (Annex I Parties) may receive credits or debits from Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) activities, contributing to achieving…
Regional population and household projections, 2011–2040: Marked regional differences
The regional population and household projections for 2011 to 2040 presents future developments in the population and number of households per municipality in the Netherlands. This article discusses…
Synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem service supply, biodiversity, and habitat conservation status in Europe
In the European Union (EU) efforts to conserve biodiversity have been consistently directed towards the protection of habitats and species through the designation of protected areas under the Habitats…
Every four years, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) publishes a Nature Outlook under statutory obligation. This year, the Nature Outlook is published at a time of important…
Formalizing knowledge on international environmental regimes: a first step towards integrating political science in integrated assessments of global environmental change
International environmental regimes are considered key factors in dealing with global environmental change problems. It is important to understand if and how regimes are effective in tackling these…
The price of protein: Review of land use and carbon footprints from Life cycle assessments of animal food products and their substitutes
Sources of protein in our diet, such as meat, dairy products and seafood can have significant environmental impacts. There are however very large differences between products, both in land requirement…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
