Integrated assessment model diagnostics: key indicators and model evolution
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) form a prime tool in informing about climate mitigation strategies. Diagnostic indicators that allow comparison across these models can help describe and explain…
The role of regulatory, market and governance risk for electricity access investment in sub-Saharan Africa
Achieving universal electricity access in sub-Saharan Africa – a milestone of SDG 7 – requires about $30bn annually until 2030 on the top of baseline investment. The private sector plays a key role in…
On the optimality of 2°C targets and a decomposition of uncertainty
The overall target of climate policy and the timing of emission reductions are key policy issues. The high degree of uncertainty in key aspects, such as climate damage, mitigation costs and socio…
Regional variation in the effectiveness of methane-based and land-based climate mitigation options
Scenarios avoiding global warming greater than 1.5 or 2 ∘ C, as stipulated in the Paris Agreement, may require the combined mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions alongside enhancing…
Cost-effectiveness of decarbonisation options for the vegetable-oil and -fat industry in the Netherlands
There is significant emission reduction potential in the Dutch vegetable oil and fat industry, which consists of seven companies each producing more than 10 kt CO 2 per year, emitting a total of 0.36…
Critical adjustment of land mitigation pathways for assessing countries’ climate progress
Mitigation pathways by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) describe future emissions that keep global warming below specific temperature limits and are compared with countries’ collective greenhouse…
Advancing a toolkit of diverse futures approaches for global environmental assessment scenarios
Global Environmental Assessments (GEAs) are in a unique position to influence environmental decision-making in the context of sustainability challenges. To do this effectively, new methods are needed…
Assessing China’s efforts to pursue the 1.5°C warming limit
Given the increasing interest in keeping global warming below 1.5°C, a key question is what this would mean for China’s emission pathway, energy restructuring, and decarbonization. By conducting a…
A systematic framework for the assessment of sustainable hydropower potential in a river basin – The case of the upper Indus
Siloed-approaches may fuel the misguided development of hydropower and subsequent target-setting under the sustainable development goals (SDGs). While hydropower development in the Indus basin is…
Net-zero emission targets for major emitting countries consistent with the Paris Agreement
Over 100 countries have set or are considering net-zero emissions or neutrality targets. However, most of the information on emissions neutrality (such as timing) is provided for the global level…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
