Consequences of EU air quality directives for spatial development plans in various EU countries
The Netherlands has implemented the EU air quality directive in a relatively strict manner in comparison to other EU countries. Failure to achieve air quality limit values can for the highest Dutch…
Carbon dioxide emissions from non-energy use of fossil fuels: summary of key issues and conclusion from the country analyses
The non-energy use of fossil fuels is a source of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions that is not negligible and has been increasing substantially in the last three decades. Current emission estimates…
CO2 from non-energy use of fuels: a global, regional and national perspective based on the IPCC Tier 1 approach
Based on the EDGAR 3.2 emission datasets, we present the relative importance of this source globally, regionally, and for individual countries as part of total fossil fuel-related emissions, based on…
Consequences for the Netherlands of the EU thematic strategy on air pollution
On 21 September 2005 the European Commission presented a thematic strategy on air pollution and a proposal for a new air quality directive for the abatement of air pollution in the European Union (EU)…
The FAIR model: a tool to analyse environmental and costs implications of regimes of future commitments
This article describes the policy decision-support tool, FAIR, to assess the environmental and abatement costs implications of international regimes for differentiation of future commitments.
Effects of particulate matter on the pulmonary and vascular system: time course in spontaneously hypertensive rats
This study was performed within the scope of two multi-center European Commission-funded projects (HEPMEAP and PAMCHAR) concerning source-composition-toxicity relationship for particulate matter (PM)…
The fall of the water. Emerging threats to the water resources and biodiversity at the roof of the world to Asia's lowland from land-use changes associated with large-scale settlement and piecemeal development
The next few decades will see a large scale threat to water sources and biodiversity in the Himalayas and surrounding low lands. Nearly half of the world population depends on these water sources…
Numerical abundance and biodiversity of below-ground taxocenes along a pH gradient across the Netherlands
Taxocenes are regulated by different kinds of predictors, but can broad-scale patterns of prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (such as fungi and invertebrates) be ascribed to soil acidity? We sought…
A comparison of global spatial distributions of nitrogen inputs for nonpoint sources and effects on river nitrogen export
We compared four global data sets for the year 1995 for nonpoint N sources with 0.5° by 0.5° spatial resolution. Data were developed to drive models for assessing the river export of nitrogen (N) at…
Critical Loads of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury in Europe
This progress report describes the critical loads of cadmium, lead and mercury derived for European ecosystems using human and environmental endpoints in the framework of activities of MNP…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
