Aviation and maritime transport in a post-2012 climate regime
Emissions from international aviation and shipping make a significant contribution to climate change. This study explores ways to incorporate international aviation and maritime shipping in a global…
Stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at low levels: an assessment of reduction strategies and costs
The study shows stabilization as low as 450 ppm CO 2 -eq. to be technically feasible, even given relatively high baseline scenarios. To achieve these lower concentration levels, global emissions need…
Quality of the Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE) judged by international Advisory Board. The recommendations and suggestions of the Advisory Board relate to (improvements in)…
Ecological Evaluation of Nature Conservation Schemes operated under the Stewardship Programme and Forestry Commission 2000-2006
The overall ecological quality of the natural environment in The Netherlands has improved, with exception of the agricultural areas. In order to improve the effect of Nature Conservation Schemes…
Evaluating transport infrastructure investments: the Dutch experience with a standardized approach
In many countries research plays an important role in the decision-making processes of infrastructure investments, since findings help decision-makers to assess and evaluate the impacts of new…
Assessment of the interaction between economic and physical growth
This report focuses on the question to what extent increased economic activity lead to increased activity in physical terms. The so-called "saturation hypothesis" assumes that with increasing GDP…
The role of carbon plantations in mitigating climate change: potentials and costs
A methodology is presented to construct supply curves and cost-supply curves for carbon plantations based on land-use scenarios from the Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE 2). A…
Multi-gas emission envelopes to meet greenhouse gas concentration targets
The aim of this study is to develop multi-gas emission envelopes (consistent sets of emission pathways) for the six greenhouse gases (GHGs) covered under the Kyoto Protocol (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, HFCs…
An analysis of options for including international aviation and marine emissions in a post-2012 climate mitigation regime
Including international aviation and marine emissions in national/regional reduction targets is more cost-effective than excluding them, or regulating them via sector-specific policies. This is one of…
Cost-effective abatement options for improving air quality in the Netherlands
Research has indicated that more stringent European emission standards for heavy duty vehicles (EuroVI) are cost-effective compared to other measures to bring down the concentration of PM 10 and NO 2…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
