No real alternatives for implementing Kyoto Protocol without Russia. The Russian ratification of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) was vital for the KP to enter into force. According to a recent MNP-RIVM report…
The Atmosphere-Ocean System of IMAGE 2.2. A global model approach for atmospheric concentrations, and climate and sea level projections
In this report we describe the technical background of the Atmosphere Ocean System (AOS) of the Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE, version 2.2).
Simplified Multi-Stage and Per Capita Convergence: an analysis of two climate regimes for differentiation of commitments
In this report two post-Kyoto climate regimes for differentiation of future commitments, the simplified Multi-Stage approach and the Per Capita Convergence approach, are described and analysed in…
Constructing land-use maps of the Netherlands in 2030
The National Environmental Assessment Agency in the Netherlands is obliged to report on future trends in the environment and nature every 4 years. The last report, Nature Outlook 2, evaluated the…
Data assimilation of ground-level ozone in Europe with a Kalman filter and chemistry transport model
A Kalman filter coupled to the atmospheric chemistry transport model EUROS has been used to estimate the ozone concentrations in the boundary layer above Europe.
Integrated modelling for nutrient loading and ecology of lakes in the Netherland
Many shallow lakes in the lower parts of The Netherlands are hypertrophic and dominated by algae blooms. The present ecological situation reflects the result of past and present nutrient loading—a…
Update of risk assessment models for the indirect human exposure
This report describes the research into the methodology of the indirect human exposure models using two risk assessment tools, EUSES and CSOIL. Alternatives are proposed to the methodology of the…
Agricultural practice and water quality in the Netherlands in the 1992-2002 period. Background information for the third EU Nitrate Directive Member States report
This overview provides the background information for the Netherlands Member State report, 'Nitrate Directive, status and trends of aquatic environment and agricultural practice' to be submitted to…
DIMITRI: a model for the study of policy issues in relation to the economy, technology and the environment
In this chapter the characteristics of the DIMITRI (Dynamic Input-output Model to study the Impacts of Technology Related Innovations) model is illustrated by three cases.
Guidance for deriving Dutch Environmental Risk Limits from EU-Risk Assessment Reports of existing substances
In this report the methodology is given for deriving Dutch environmental risk limits for which EU risk assessment reports (EU-RARs) are available in the context of Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency