The Brazilian Proposal and other Options for International Burden Sharing: an evaluation of methodological and policy aspects using the FAIR model
During the negotiations on the Kyoto Protocol, Brazil proposed a methodology to base Annex I (industrialised) country contributions to emission reductions on their responsibilities for the global mean…
The ecological footprint of Benin, Bhutan, Costa Rica and the Netherlands
The Ecological Footprint (EF) has recieved much attention as a potential indicator for sustainable development over the last years. In this report, the EF concept has been applied to four different…
MARKAL-IO Linking an input-output model with MARKAL
This report deals with E3-models to study the relationship between energy, economy and the environment. Since energy policies to reduce CO 2 emissions can have major economic impacts, it is important…
Municipal climate change policies: A case study for Amsterdam
This report provides insight to the local policy options with respect to climate change, in this case within the sphere of influence of Amsterdam local authorities.
LGMCAD, a Solute Transport Module of the Groundwater Model for the Netherlands. User's Manual
This report describes the input files for the program LGMCAD, which is the solute transport module of the National Groundwater Model for the Netherlands (LGM). Additionally, several accompanying…
Evaluating the methane budget in Europe using inverse modelling
The Kalman filter is used as a data-assimilation technique to calculate methane concentrations and emissions in Europe. The filter combines the results of model calculations and measurements to…
Resolving Issues on Terrestrial Biospheric Sinks in the Kyoto Protocol
In the Kyoto Protocol all Annex I countries have agreed to reduce their carbon dioxide emissions by a certain percentage compared to 1990 level in 2008-2012. Several direct human-induced activities…
Sectoral emission inventories of greenhouse gases for 1990 on a per country basis as well as on 1ox1o
A set of global greenhouse gas emission inventories has been compiled per source category for the 1990 annual emissions of the direct greenhouse gases CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O, as well as of the indirect…
Calculation and Mapping of Critical Thresholds in Europe: Status Report 1999
This report is the fifth in a bi-annual series prepared by the Coordination Center for Effects (CCE) to document the progress made in calculating and mapping critical thresholds in Europe. The CCE, as…
Research contributions for assessment of the state and evolution of the global environment
A Global Environment Assessment workshop was held in Brussels on September 15 and 16, 1998. During the preparation of policy-oriented reports of GEO, several gaps in data and expertise had been…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency