Towards universal electricity access in Sub-Saharan Africa
With the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the global community has committed to achieving universal electricity access by 2030. This study analyses the technology and investment…
Reducing hunger while staying within planetary boundaries of pollution, land use and fresh water use is one of the most urgent sustainable development goals. It is imperative to understand future food…
Exploring fair and ambitious mitigation contributions under the Paris Agreement goals
In order to achieve the Paris Agreement goals of keeping the temperature rise well below 2 °C or even 1.5 °C, all countries would need to make fair and ambitious contributions to reducing emissions. A…
Evaluating Process-Based Integrated Assessment Models of Climate Change Mitigation
Process-based integrated assessment models (IAMs) analyse transformation pathways to mitigate climate change. Confidence in models is established by testing their structural assumptions and comparing…
Low-emission pathways in 11 major economies: comparison of cost-optimal pathways and Paris climate proposals
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of climate policy, it is important to understand emission trends and policies at the national level. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes (Intended) Nationally…
Assessment of wind and solar power in global low-carbon energy scenarios: An introduction
This preface introduces the special section on the assessment of wind and solar in global low-carbon energy scenarios. The special section documents the results of a coordinated research effort to…
In December 2015 in Paris, leaders committed to achieve global, net decarbonization of human activities before 2100. This achievement would halt and even reverse anthropogenic climate change through…
Perspectives on the future of nature in Europe: storylines and visualisations
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to decline further, making it difficult to achieve the 2050 policy vision. The Nature Outlook study elaborates four perspectives on the future of…
Assessing the ambition of post-2020 climate targets: a comprehensive framework
One of the most fundamental questions surrounding the new Paris Agreement is whether countries’ proposals to reduce GHG emissions after 2020 are equally ambitious, considering differences in…
Transport fuel demand responses to fuel price and income projections: Comparison of integrated assessment models
Income and fuel price pathways are key determinants in projections of the energy system in integrated assessment models. In recent years, more details have been added to the transport sector…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
