Europe's environment: the third assessment - Climate change
Global and European average temperatures are increasing, sea levels are rising, glaciers are melting, and the frequencies of extreme weather events and precipitation are changing. Most of the warming…
Assessing emission reduction target with dynamic models: deriving target load functions for use in integrated assessment
International agreements to reduce the emission of acidifying sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) compounds have been negotiated on the basis of an understanding of the link between acidification related…
Air pollution by ozone in Europe in summer 2003. Overview of exceedances of EC ozone treshold values during the summer season April-August 2003 and comparisons with previous years
In the period 1995–2003 of reporting under the old ozone directive, there has been little or no change in the reported exceedances of ozone threshold values. This is not unexpected as reductions in…
A modelling assessment of acidification and recovery of European surface waters
The increase in emission of sulphur oxides and nitrogen (both oxidised and reduced forms) since the mid-1800s caused a severe decline in pH and ANC in acid-sensitive surface waters across Europe…
The pseudo-countryside as compromose between spatial planning goals and consumers preferences for rural living
In the Netherlands the demand for housing in rural areas far outstrips supply, leading to tensions in the housing market. The creation of a pseudo-countryside, a residential environment with the…
This chapter describes the background and modeling approaches used in simple climate models (SCMs) (Harvey et al. 1997). In general, SCMs are the simplified models used by the Intergovernmental Panel…
Climate Options for the Long-term (COOL) - Nationale Dialoog
The National Dialogue in the COOL project aimed at developing insights and recommendations for Dutch long term climate policy, both on content and process. The dialogue was carried out in four…
Climate OptiOns for the Long term (COOL)-Synthesis Report
The aim of the COOL project was to develop strategic notions how drastic reductions of GHG emissions in the Netherlands can be achieved in the long term, in an European and global context, using a…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency