Methods for calculating the emissions of transport in the Netherlands 2016
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emissions of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions…
Modeling Soil Processes: Review, Key Challenges, and New Perspectives
The complexity of soil and its importance to a wide range of ecosystem services presents major challenges to the modeling of soil processes. Although major progress in soil models has occurred in the…
Lock-in of mature innovation systems, The transformation toward clean concrete in the Netherlands
Energy-intensive processing industries like the concrete industry form the base of the economy and account for a large part of greenhouse gas emissions. Sectoral transformation to cleaner basic…
Exploring synergies between climate and air quality policies using long-term global and regional emission scenarios
In this paper, we present ten scenarios developed using the IMAGE framework (Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment) to explore how different assumptions on future climate and air pollution…
Bridging analytical approaches for low-carbon transitions
Low-carbon transitions are long-term multi-faceted processes. Although integrated assessment models have many strengths for analysing such transitions, their mathematical representation requires a…
Long-term model-based projections of energy use and CO2 emissions from the global steel and cement industries
This paper presents a global simulation-model for the steel and cement industries. The model covers the full modelling chain from economic activity, to materials consumption, trade, technology choice…
Improving the behavioral realism of global integrated assessment models: An application to consumers' vehicle choices
A large body of transport sector-focused research recognizes the complexity of human behavior in relation to mobility. Yet, global integrated assessment models (IAMs), which are widely used to…
Global riverine N and P transport to ocean increased during the twentieth century despite increased retention along the aquatic continuum.
Various human activities, including agriculture, water consumption, river damming, and aquaculture, have intensified over the last century. This has had a major impact on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus…
Emissions of transboundary air pollutants in the Netherlands, 1990–2014: Netherlands Informative Inventory Report 2016
Ammonia emission levels in the Netherlands increased in 2014. These levels do not comply with the Dutch national emission ceiling for ammonia as set by the European Union, which entered into force in…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
