Integral Nitrogen
Humans have more than doubled the annual rate of nitrogen fixation (transformation of inert atmospheric molecular nitrogen, N2, to reactive forms of nitrogen, Nr) in the past 150 years. Reactive N is now accumulating in the environment on all local and regional scales.
Nr accumulation contributes to many contemporary environmental problems, including eutrophication, ozone formation and acidification. The dossier “Global integrated nitrogen” summarizes PBL contributions to European and global studies related to the use and distribution of reactive nitrogen. This work involves the Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE).
News
EU targets for air quality, climate and energy, for 2030; greenhouse gases down by 43% at the cost of 0.4% of household income
EU nature policies become more effective if they link more closely to the wide variety of people’s values
Publications
Costs and benefits of synthetic nitrogen for global cereal production in 2015 and in 2050 under contrasting scenarios
Long-term variations (1970–2020) and spatial patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus soil budgets and fates in Indian agriculture
