Environmental effectiveness and economic consequences of fragmented versus universal regimes: what can we learn from model studies?
Besides the negotiations within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on Kyoto Protocol predecessors, additional ad hoc contacts are also taking place between major…
Modeling global residential sector energy demand for heating and air conditioning in the context of climate change
Worldwide, households consume about a third of all end-use energy. Although space cooling is currently a much less important energy use, it is growing rapidly both in high-income countries and in…
Agreeing to disagree: uncertainty management in assessing climate change, impacts and responses by the IPCC
Dealing consistently with risk and uncertainty across the IPCC reports is a difficult challenge. Huge practical difficulties arise from the Panel’s scale and interdisciplinary context, the complexity…
Dynamic modelling of metals - time scales and target loads
Over the past decade steady-state methods have been developed to assess critical loads of metals avoiding long-term risks in view of food quality and eco-toxicological effects on organisms in soils…
Critical load, dynamic modelling and impact assessment in Europe: CCE Status Report 2008
This report addresses the 2008 European database on spatially-specific critical loads and dynamic modelling parameters (2008 CL database). This report emphasises the risk of impacts caused by the…
Exploration of regional and global cost-supply curves of biomass energy from short-rotation crops at abandoned cropland and rest land under four IPCC SRES land-use scenarios
In recent years, the interest in biomass energy has increased considerably worldwide. There are several reasons for this: biomass is widely available and it has the potential to produce modern energy…
Contributions of non modelled sources to the acidfying and eutrophicating deposition
Until now, the calculated acidifying and eutrophying depositions were augmented to incorporate, for example, natural emissions and emission from outside of Europe. Recently, the contributions from…
Sharing the burden of adaptation financing: Translating ethical principles into practical policy
Burden-sharing of adaptation costs to climate change has received limited attention in the scientific literature. This study identifies a set of principles that can serve as a basis for choices about…
Near-linear cost increase to reduce climate-change risk
The relationship between the costs of climate policy and the risks of climate change may look more favorable than commonly perceived say researchers from PBL, Wageningen University and the Potsdam…
Conditional probabilistic estimates of 21st century greenhouse gas emissions based on the storylines of the IPCC-SRES scenarios
The conditional probabilistic scenario analysis combines statistical methods of uncertainty analysis at parameter level with storylines which recognize the deep uncertainty that exists for several…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
