Global modeling of the fate of nitrogen from point and nonpoint sources in soils, groundwater, and surface water
We present a global model that describes the fate of nitrogen (N) from point and nonpoint sources in the hydrological system up to the river mouths at the 0.5° by 0.5° spatial and annual temporal…
Energy and emission scenarios for China in the 21st century - exploration of baseline development and mitigation options
In this paper, we have used the simulation model IMAGE/TIMER to develop a set of energy and emission scenarios for China between 1995 and 2100, based on the global baseline scenarios published by IPCC…
Comparing integrated crop management and organic production
This chapter describes the environmental impact of integrated crop management and organic farming, with nutrients (particularly nitrate leaching), pesticides, energy use, soil (soil organic matter…
Climate change and sustainable development: expanding the options
Climate change and sustainable development have been addressed in largely separate circles in both research and policy. Nevertheless, there are strong linkages between the two in both realms.
Europe's environment: the third assessment - Climate change
Global and European average temperatures are increasing, sea levels are rising, glaciers are melting, and the frequencies of extreme weather events and precipitation are changing. Most of the warming…
Assessing emission reduction target with dynamic models: deriving target load functions for use in integrated assessment
International agreements to reduce the emission of acidifying sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) compounds have been negotiated on the basis of an understanding of the link between acidification related…
Air pollution by ozone in Europe in summer 2003. Overview of exceedances of EC ozone treshold values during the summer season April-August 2003 and comparisons with previous years
In the period 1995–2003 of reporting under the old ozone directive, there has been little or no change in the reported exceedances of ozone threshold values. This is not unexpected as reductions in…
A modelling assessment of acidification and recovery of European surface waters
The increase in emission of sulphur oxides and nitrogen (both oxidised and reduced forms) since the mid-1800s caused a severe decline in pH and ANC in acid-sensitive surface waters across Europe…
Outreach of IPCC findings in developing countries: lessons learned
After the completion of IPCC's Third Assessment Report, Working Group III on Mitigation embarked upon an outreach programme to disseminate the IPCC assessments in developing countries and countries…
The pseudo-countryside as compromose between spatial planning goals and consumers preferences for rural living
In the Netherlands the demand for housing in rural areas far outstrips supply, leading to tensions in the housing market. The creation of a pseudo-countryside, a residential environment with the…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency