Operationalising the concept of a safe operating space at the EU level – first steps and explorations
The Planetary Boundaries framework proposes quantitative limits for human perturbation of critical Earth System processes, defining a global ‘safe operating space’. The framework can help in…
Simulating the deep decarbonisation of residential heating for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C
Whole-economy scenarios for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C suggest that direct carbon emissions in the buildings sector should decrease to almost zero by 2050, but leave unanswered the question how…
Global energy sector emission reductions and bioenergy use: overview of the bioenergy demand phase of the EMF-33 model comparison
We present an overview of results from 11 integrated assessment models (IAMs) that participated in the 33 rd study of the Stanford Energy Modeling Forum (EMF-33) on the viability of large-scale…
Residual fossil CO2 emissions in 1.5–2 °C pathways
The Paris Agreement—which is aimed at holding global warming well below 2 °C while pursuing efforts to limit it below 1.5 °C—has initiated a bottom-up process of iteratively updating nationally…
Methods for calculating the emissions of transport in the Netherlands 2018
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emissions of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions…
In the face of urgency of addressing global sustainability challenges and limited political will and capacity at national and international governmental levels to take effective action, new agents of…
Energy investment needs for fulfilling the Paris Agreement and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
Low-carbon investments are necessary for driving the energy system transformation that is called for by both the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals. Improving understanding of the scale…
In the 2018 Informative Inventory Report (IIR) by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), the Dutch emission data on transboundary air polluting substances have been…
Integrating Functions for a Sustainable Urban System: A Review of Multifunctional Land Use and Circular Urban Metabolism
Cities pose environmental challenges but also offer possibilities to close material and energy loops and connect multiple societal and ecologic services. Two important new research directions that…
Construction of regional trade-linked supply and use tables for the EU28
At the request of the European Commission, PBL has created a new database on regional trade in Europe. Policy research on regional economic development is often hampered by shortcomings in the…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
