Higher than expected NOx emission from trucks may affect attainability of NO2 limit values in the Netherlands
In past years, the European limit value for average annual NO 2 concentration has been exceeded in city streets and along motorways in the Netherlands. By 2015 the limit value must be adhered to in…
Nitrogen pollution costs the European Union between €70 billion and €320 billion per year. This cost is more than double the value that nitrogen fertilizers are estimated to add to European farm…
Modelling the impact of sea-salt particles on the exceedances of daily PM10 air quality standards in the Netherlands
Particles generated at the sea surface contribute to PM 10 levels in coastal areas. Current estimates suggest annual average contributions of up to 10 µg/m³ along the North Sea coast in the…
For the last five years, scientists across Europe have chronicled the little-known nitrogen dilemma and the threats it poses to our environment and health – as well as how we can solve the problem.
Anthropogenic and natural constituents in particulate matter in the Netherlands
To develop mitigation strategies for reducing concentrations of both PM 2.5 and PM 10 , the origin of particulate matter (PM) needs to be established. An intensive, one-year measurement campaign from…
The Copenhagen Accord: abatement costs and carbon prices resulting from the submissions
As part of the Copenhagen Accord, individual countries have submitted greenhouse gas reduction proposals for the year 2020. This paper analyses the implications for emission reductions, the carbon…
The Common Agricultural Policy: Possible contribution towards achieving biodiversity targets for Dutch agricultural areas
In discussions on reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the EU, currently, the general opinion is that payments (made to farmers) within the framework of the CAP should be better linked to…
Contribution of the CAP to achieving environmental, nature and landscape policy targets
Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy offers options for remunerating farmers for taking measures that benefit agricultural nature, landscape, water quality, adaptation to climate change, and…
Policy research programme on particulate matter. Main results and policy consequences
Recent research has clarified a number of facts about particulate matter in the atmosphere and has overturned a number of assumptions. For example, it is now clear that a much greater proportion of…
Application of the IPCC uncertainty methods to EDGAR 4.1 global greenhouse gas inventories
The global greenhouse gas emission inventory EDGAR 4.1 for the period 1970-2005 was developed using international statistics and default methods and default emission factors from the latest 2006 IPCC…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
