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The 2021 SSP scenarios of the IMAGE 3.2 model

The SSP (Shared Socio-economic Pathways) scenarios are intensively used in climate and environmental research to explore uncertain future developments and possible response strategies. This paper…

Land-based measures to mitigate climate change: Potential and feasibility by country

Land-based climate mitigation measures have gained significant attention and importance in public and private sector climate policies. Building on previous studies, we refine and update the mitigation…

Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for major emitting countries

This report by NewClimate Institute, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) provides an overview of projected greenhouse…

The impact of land-use change emissions on the potential of bioenergy as climate change mitigation option for a Brazilian low-carbon energy system

Land-use change (LUC)-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions determine largely whether bioenergy is a suitable option for climate change mitigation. This study assesses how LUC emissions influence…

Regional energy diversity and sovereignty in different 2 °C and 1.5 °C pathways

Achieving the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement requires a fast transition of the energy system. This leads to consequences for energy security, which a central element of the energy strategy…

Transitioning to Low-Carbon Economies under the 2030 Agenda: Minimizing Trade-Offs and Enhancing Co-Benefits of Climate-Change Action for the SDGs

The 2030 Agenda with its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement on climate change were adopted in 2015. Although independently defined, the two agreements are strongly…

Wave of net zero emission targets opens window to meeting the Paris Agreement

The current wave of national net zero targets could reduce the projected global average temperature increase to 2.0–2.4°C by 2100. Net zero targets, if fully implemented, could bring the Paris…

Managing River Areas in Times of Climate Change

A scoping study coordinated by PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency shows that improved and integrated river basin management is essential for adequate adaptation to climate change. In…

Adaptive risk management strategies for governments under future climate and socioeconomic change: An application to riverine flood risk at the global level

Climate-related disaster risks pose a threat to sustainable development today and in the future. Major global agendas, such as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Sustainable…

Decarbonisation options for the Dutch silicon carbide industry

This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch silicon carbide production is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO…