Emission allowances and mitigation costs of China and India resulting from different effort-sharing approaches
To meet ambitious global climate targets, mitigation effort in China and India is necessary. This paper presents an analysis of the scientific literature on how effort-sharing approaches affect…
Regional feedbacks under changing climate and land-use conditions
Ecosystem responses to a changing climate and human-induced climate forcings (e.g. deforestation) might amplify (positive feedback) or dampen (negative feedback) the initial climate response…
Cobenefits of climate and air pollution regulations
In 2011, the European Commission published its roadmap towards a competitive low-carbon economy for 2050. For this roadmap the possibilities of a far-reaching reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in…
The IMAGE Model Suite used for the OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050
In the Environmental Outlook to 2050 from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) a number of scenarios and projection are used which are calculated with the IMAGE model…
Global travel within the 2 degree Celsius climate target
Long-term scenarios generally project a steep increase in global travel demand, leading to an rapid rise in CO 2 emissions. Major driving forces are the increasing car use in developing countries and…
Simulation of movement of pesticides towards drains with a preferential flow version of PEARL
In the current Dutch authorisation procedure for calculating exposure of surface water organisms to pesticides, artificial drainage from agricultural fields is not accounted for. As drainage may be an…
A land-use systems approach to represent land-use dynamics at continental and global scales
Most of the current global land cover datasets and global scale land-use models use a classification of land cover based on the dominant land cover type within a distinct region or pixel. Such a…
Inferences on weather extremes and weather-related disasters: a review of statistical methods
The study of weather extremes and their impacts, such as weather-related disasters, plays an important role in research of climate change. When scanning peer-reviewed literature on weather extremes…
PBL Note Sustainability of biomass in a bio-based economy
The conversion of the present European economy based on fossil fuels into a more bio-based economy will probably be restricted to about 10 per cent of final energy and feedstock consumption in 2030…
Harvesting Transition? Energy Policy Cooperation or Competition around the North Sea
The Northwest European electricity markets are increasingly becoming intertwined with the advance of the internal market. This implies that national fuel mix policies increasingly have cross-national…
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