In the past decades, the relationship between water issues and conflict risks received much attention, both in the literature and the media. However, reports and publications warning about these…
Integrating Functions for a Sustainable Urban System: A Review of Multifunctional Land Use and Circular Urban Metabolism
Cities pose environmental challenges but also offer possibilities to close material and energy loops and connect multiple societal and ecologic services. Two important new research directions that…
Modelling the Water-Energy-Food-Land-Climate Nexus: The Nexus Tree Approach
The Water-Land-Energy-Food-Climate Nexus approach considers these five sectors as inextricably linked, forming a complex system of interrelations. A theoretical framework is presented to…
Deliverable D2.2 Nexus-relevant policies at national and regional scale
Implementation of the UNFCCC Paris agreement on climate change gets more attention from European national governments than the multi-sectoral Sustainable Development Goals. This unilateral focus may…
Most policies consist of mixes, new interventions being implemented on top of already existing policies. Whether this is a good idea or not is often unclear: evaluating policy mixes is difficult, and…
Potentieel en kosten klimaatneutrale gebouwde omgeving in de gemeente Utrecht
Het PBL heeft een verkenning uitgevoerd naar de warmte- en koudevoorziening van de gebouwde omgeving in de gemeente Utrecht die zo snel mogelijk klimaatneutraal wil worden. Zowel het potentieel van…
Implications of eutrophication for biogeochemical processes in the Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Three Gorges Reservoir, the largest man-made lake in the Changjiang River traps a small fraction of the nitrogen (N) and dissolved silicate (DSi) inflows, and a larger fraction of P. This leads to…
Towards a safe operating space for the Netherlands
This policy brief discusses normative choices in setting national policy targets that are in line with SDG ambitions related to global environmental challenges. Based on scientific insights into…
Operationalising the concept of a safe operating space at the EU level – first steps and explorations
The Planetary Boundaries framework proposes quantitative limits for human perturbation of critical Earth System processes, defining a global ‘safe operating space’. The framework can help in…
Ontwikkeling luchtvaart en CO2-emissies in Nederland
Luchtvaart beïnvloedt de opwarming van de aarde door de emissies die plaatsvinden hoog in de lucht. De CO 2 -emissies van vliegtuigen die in Nederland hebben getankt zijn in 20 jaar met 33% gestegen…
Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving
