Reassessing the need for carbon dioxide removal: moral implications of alternative climate target pathways

The 1.5 °C goal has given impetus to carbon dioxide removal (CDR) measures, such as bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage, or afforestation. However, land-based CDR options compete with food production and biodiversity protection. Van Vuuren et al. (2018) looked at alternative pathways including lifestyle changes, low-population projections, or non-CO2 greenhouse gas mitigation, to reach the 1.5 °C temperature objective. Underlined by the recently published IPCC AR6 WGIII report, they show that demand-side management measures are likely to reduce the need for CDR. Yet, policy measures entailed in these scenarios could be associated with ethical problems themselves. In this paper, we therefore investigate ethical implications of four alternative pathways as proposed by Van Vuuren et al. (2018).

We find that emission reduction options such as lifestyle changes and reducing population, which are typically perceived as ethically problematic, might be less so on further inspection. In contrast, options associated with less societal transformation and more techno-optimistic approaches turn out to be in need of further scrutiny. The vast majority of emission reduction options considered are not intrinsically ethically problematic; rather everything rests on the precise implementation. Explicitly addressing ethical considerations when developing, advancing, and using integrated assessment scenarios could reignite debates about previously overlooked topics and thereby support necessary societal discourse.

Authors

PBL Authors
Detlef van Vuuren
Other authors
Lieske Voget-Kleschin
Christian Baatz
Clare Heyward
Nadine Mengis

Specifications

Publication title
Reassessing the need for carbon dioxide removal: moral implications of alternative climate target pathways
Publication date
5 January 2024
Publication type
Article
Publication language
English
Magazine
Global Sustainability
Issue
Volume 7 , 2024 , e1
Product number
5485