Comparing future patterns of energy system change in 2 °C scenarios with historically observed rates of change
This paper systematically compares modeled rates of change provided by global integrated assessment models aiming for the 2 °C objective to historically observed rates of change. Such a comparison can…
Worldwide climate effects - Risks and opportunities for the Netherlands
Natural disasters due to weather extremes occur frequently, both in Europe and in the rest of the world. In the first decade of the 21st century, for example, 3000 natural disasters were reported…
Global and regional climate impacts of future aerosol mitigation in an RCP6.0-like scenario in EC-Earth
Future changes in aerosol concentrations will influence the climate system over the coming decades. In this study we evaluate the equilibrium climate response to aerosol reductions in different parts…
Integrating Global Climate Change Mitigation Goals with Other Sustainability Objectives: A Synthesis
Achieving a truly sustainable energy transition requires progress across multiple dimensions beyond climate change mitigation goals. This article reviews and synthesizes results from disparate strands…
Long-term water demand for electricity, industry and households
Better water demand projections are needed in order to better assess water scarcity. The focus in this paper is on non-agricultural water demand, as this is the fastest-growing and least well-modelled…
How well do integrated assessment models represent non-CO2 radiative forcing?
This study aims to create insight in how Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) perform in describing the climate forcing by non-CO 2 gases and aerosols. The simple climate models (SCMs) included in IAMs…
Assessing current and future techno-economic potential of concentrated solar power and photovoltaic electricity generation
CSP and PV technologies represent energy sources with large potentials. We present cost-supply curves for both technologies using a consistent methodology for 26 regions, based on geoexplicit…
Understanding the contribution of non-carbon dioxide gases in deep mitigation scenarios
In 2010, the combined emissions of methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and the fluorinated gasses (F-gas) accounted for 20–30% of Kyoto emissions and about 30% of radiative forcing. Current…
Co-benefits and trade-offs of between greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions for measures reducing ammonia emissions and implications for costing
This book chapter shows there are both synergies and counter effects related to climate and nitrogen policy. The synergies concern nitrogen efficiency improvements in animal and plant production…
Possible energy futures for Brazil and Latin America in conservative and stringent mitigation pathways up to 2050
Latin America has a unique position to address climate change impacts due to its many mitigation opportunities and its growing economy. This paper applied two global and one regional integrated…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
