The implications of geopolitical, socioeconomic, and regulatory constraints on European bioenergy imports and associated greenhouse gas emissions to 2050
Modern sustainable bioenergy can contribute toward mid-century European energy decarbonization targets by replacing fossil fuels. Fulfilling this role would require access to increased volumes of…
Halving nitrogen waste in the European Union food systems requires both dietary shifts and farm level actions
This paper analyses options to halve nitrogen losses to the environment by 2030, which is a target of the Farm to EU Fork Strategy. We found that a combination of interventions to (a) increase farm…
Decarbonisation options for the industry cluster Botlek/Pernis Rotterdam
This report on decarbonisation options for the industry cluster Botlek/Pernis Rotterdam is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL…
The rapidly increasing electricity demand and the expected increase in the contribution of variable renewable energy sources raise the need for looking at the characteristics of long-term demand…
Housing trajectories of EU-migrants in the Netherlands: Between quick emigration and shared living as temporary and permanent solution
Many European countries have witnessed new immigration patterns in the past two decades through the gradual enlargement of the European Union. While migration motives and labour market positions of EU…
From COVID-19 to Green Recovery with natural capital accounting
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted economies, societies and livelihoods around the globe. To boost their economy and restore employment and economic activity, countries have announced huge spending…
Building climate resilience through nature-based solutions in Europe
The European Union (EU) has firmly positioned itself as a global leader in promoting and implementing nature-based solutions (NBS). In a recently published article, 13 authors from various European…
An African vision for the continents’ energy transition
Access to modern, reliable and affordable energy in Africa could help address some of the social, economic, health and environmental challenges that come with the fast growing population. The…
Decarbonisation options for the Dutch waste incineration industry
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch waste incineration industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO…
Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in hard-to-abate sectors
Many countries have made a commitment to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by or around 2050. If some sectors have residual emissions, these must be compensated for by removing CO 2…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
