Cities are expected to play a key role in delivering the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, green and inclusive growth. Therefore, the European Commission, EU Member States and European cities are…
The impact of farm size on agricultural sustainability
Farm size plays a critical role in agricultural sustainability. This may have far-reaching consequences for the economic and environmental performance of agricultural production, resulting, for…
Implications of various effort-sharing approaches for national carbon budgets and emission pathways
The bottom-up approach of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in the Paris Agreement has led countries to self-determine their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets. The planned…
The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate requested PBL to conduct an update on SDE+ base amounts and grid connection costs of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands, based on current market…
Future global pig production systems according to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
Global pork production has increased fourfold over the last 50 years and is expected to continue growing during the next three decades. This may have considerable implications for feed use, land…
Energy Transition Implications for Demand and Supply of Power System Flexibility: A Case Study of the Netherlands Within an EU Electricity Market and Trading Context
The Netherlands is aiming for a more sustainable, low-carbon energy system. For the power system, this energy transition implies (1) a larger share of electricity from variable renewable energy (VRE)…
Shared socio-economic pathways extended for the Baltic Sea: exploring long-term environmental problems
Long-term scenario analyses can be powerful tools to explore plausible futures of human development under changing environmental, social, and economic conditions and to evaluate implications of…
Malnutrition, the suboptimal consumption of essential nutrients like zinc, severely affects human health. This burden of malnutrition falls disproportionally heavy on developing countries, directly…
This paper uses a contingent valuation study and an actual donation request to assess the impact of behavioral factors on hypothetical bias in stated willingness-to-pay estimates. Our findings…
Towards a generic analytical framework for sustainable nitrogen management: application for China
Managing reactive nitrogen (Nr) to achieve a sustainable balance between production of food, feed and fibre, and environmental protection is a grand challenge in the context of an increasingly…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
