How climate metrics affect global mitigation strategies and costs: a multi-model study
In climate policy, substitutions metrics are used to determine exchange ratios for different greenhouse gases as part of a multi-gas strategy. The suitability of the metric depends on the policy goals…
This document describes the new research and development strategy for the IMAGE Framework, for the 2015–2020 period, based on current and emerging research and policy questions. The document sets out…
Exploring, exploiting and evolving diversity of aquatic ecosystem models: a community perspective
Here, we present a community perspective on how to explore, exploit and evolve the diversity in aquatic ecosystem models. These models play an important role in understanding the functioning of…
Long-term climate policy targets and implications for 2030
Countries, worldwide, have agreed that international efforts should be aimed at keeping the global mean temperature increase below 2 °C, compared to pre-industrial levels. In order to achieve the 2 °C…
Reflections on coordination mechanisms for accommodating increasing amounts of wind and solar in the power market
European power markets are being confronted with an unprecedented transition process toward a low-carbon power system. The speed and complexity of this shift are raising serious challenges and…
Impact of fragmented emission reduction regimes on the energy market and on CO2-emissions related to land use
In recent years, an approach based on voluntary pledges by individual regions has attracted interest of policy-makers and consequently also climate policy research. In this paper, we analyze scenarios…
Multi-model comparison of the economic and energy implications for China and India in an international climate regime
This paper presents a modeling comparison on how stabilization of global climate change at about 2 °C above the pre-industrial level could affect economic and energy systems development in China and…
Implications of the international reduction pledges on long-term energy system changes and costs in China and India
This paper analyses the impact of postponing global mitigation action on abatement costs and energy systems changes in China and India. It compares energy-system changes and mitigation costs from a…
The effects of Climate Change in the Netherlands: 2012
Although climate change is expected to continue, its negative impacts for the Netherlands appear manageable. Here, most climatic changes will take place more gradual than in many other regions, thus…
Greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for 2030
A greenhouse gas reduction target of 40% below 1990 levels for 2030 for the European Union, to be achieved within Europe, would not necessarily be sufficient for achieving the target of limiting…
Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving
