The Emerging Governance Landscape around Zero Deforestation Pledges. Insights into dynamics and effects of zero deforestation pledges.
Voluntary commitments to eliminate or reduce deforestation are developing into a powerful framing of global activities to combat deforestation and forest degradation. With the demand for agricultural…
Enhancing global climate policy ambition towards a 1.5 °C stabilization: a short-term multi-model assessment
The Paris Agreement is a milestone in international climate policy as it establishes a global mitigation framework towards 2030 and sets the ground for a potential 1.5 °C climate stabilization. To…
Developments in monitoring climate change adaptation in urban areas. Quick scan of experiences outside the Netherlands.
In support of the Dutch Delta Programme on Spatial Adaptation, PBL has conducted a quick scan of developments outside the Netherlands in methods to monitor the impact (output and outcome) of policies…
A methodology and implementation of automated emissions harmonization for use in Integrated Assessment Models
Emissions harmonization refers to the process used to match greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant results from Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) against a common source of historical emissions. To…
This publication shows that, without improved water management or adaptation to climate change, the global sustainability goals cannot be achieved. The report highlights the urgent need for an…
Comparing future patterns of energy system change in 2 °C scenarios to expert projections
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are computer-based instruments used to assess the implications of human activity on the human and earth system. They are simultaneously also used to explore…
Alternative pathways to the 1.5 °C target reduce the need for negative emission technologies
Mitigation scenarios that achieve the ambitious targets included in the Paris Agreement typically rely on greenhouse gas emission reductions combined with net carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the…
Vehicle emissions and impacts of taxes and incentives in the evolution of past emissions
The analysis presented in this report was framed around two key objectives. The first was to create an inventory of the different vehicle taxation and incentive schemes in place across Europe. The…
Evaluating EDGARv4.tox2 speciated mercury emissions ex-post scenarios and their impacts on modelled global and regional wet deposition patterns
Speciated mercury gridded emissions inventories together with chemical transport models and concentration measurements are essential when investigating both the effectiveness of mitigation measures…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
