Towards universal electricity access in Sub-Saharan Africa
With the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the global community has committed to achieving universal electricity access by 2030. This study analyses the technology and investment…
Reducing hunger while staying within planetary boundaries of pollution, land use and fresh water use is one of the most urgent sustainable development goals. It is imperative to understand future food…
Exploring fair and ambitious mitigation contributions under the Paris Agreement goals
In order to achieve the Paris Agreement goals of keeping the temperature rise well below 2 °C or even 1.5 °C, all countries would need to make fair and ambitious contributions to reducing emissions. A…
To What Extent Did We Change Our Soils? A Global Comparison of Natural and Current Conditions
In order to assess how land use has been changed from the pristine soil conditions to the current situation, the S-world methodology was applied. The results are the basis for future assessments on…
Evaluating Process-Based Integrated Assessment Models of Climate Change Mitigation
Process-based integrated assessment models (IAMs) analyse transformation pathways to mitigate climate change. Confidence in models is established by testing their structural assumptions and comparing…
The intent of this article is to explore the scope and working of 'framework-rules' in relation to self-organization in urban development, both theoretically and empirically.
Methods for calculating transport emissions in the Netherlands 2017
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emissions of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions…
Bringing EU policy into line with the Planetary Boundaries
The Planetary Boundaries framework proposes quantitative limits for human perturbation of critical Earth system processes, defining a global "safe operating space". The framework can help in…
Low-emission pathways in 11 major economies: comparison of cost-optimal pathways and Paris climate proposals
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of climate policy, it is important to understand emission trends and policies at the national level. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes (Intended) Nationally…
Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil phosphorus and crop uptake in global cropland during the 20th century
Phosphorus (P) plays a vital role in global crop production and food security. In this study, we investigate the changes in soil P pool inventories calibrated from historical countrywide crop P uptake…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
