This publication shows that, without improved water management or adaptation to climate change, the global sustainability goals cannot be achieved. The report highlights the urgent need for an…
Comparing future patterns of energy system change in 2 °C scenarios to expert projections
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are computer-based instruments used to assess the implications of human activity on the human and earth system. They are simultaneously also used to explore…
Alternative pathways to the 1.5 °C target reduce the need for negative emission technologies
Mitigation scenarios that achieve the ambitious targets included in the Paris Agreement typically rely on greenhouse gas emission reductions combined with net carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the…
Vehicle emissions and impacts of taxes and incentives in the evolution of past emissions
The analysis presented in this report was framed around two key objectives. The first was to create an inventory of the different vehicle taxation and incentive schemes in place across Europe. The…
Climate extremes, land–climate feedbacks and land-use forcing at 1.5°C
This article investigates projected changes in temperature and water cycle extremes at 1.5°C of global warming, and highlights the role of land processes and land-use changes (LUCs) for these…
Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios
Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is heavily relied upon in scenarios of future emissions that are consistent with limiting global mean temperature increase to 1.5 °C or 2 °C…
Future agricultural phosphorus demand according to the shared socioeconomic pathways
The five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) show similar global crop P uptake and P inputs, despite differences in population and incomes. In the sustainability scenario SSP1, the increase in P…
Assessing future reactive nitrogen inputs into global croplands based on the shared socioeconomic pathways
Only under the most optimistic sustainability scenario, the global synthetic fertilizer use in croplands stabilizes or even shrinks in the coming decades. In the most pessimistic fragmentation…
Uncertain Environmental Footprint of Current and Future Battery Electric Vehicles
The future environmental impacts of battery electric vehicles (EVs) are very important given their expected dominance in future transport systems. Previous studies have shown these impacts to be…
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