The Dutch nitrogen cascade in the European perspective
This paper provides an overview of the origin and the fate of nitrogen in the Netherlands, the various reported impacts of nitrogen, the Dutch and European policies to reduce nitrogen emissions and…
This article analyses the abatement costs of three post-Kyoto regimes for differentiating commitments compatible with stabilising atmospheric greenhouse gases concentrations at 550 ppmv CO2 equivalent…
Web application Guidance for Uncertainty Assessment and Communication
With the release of an interactive web application, the use of the MNP Guidance for Uncertainty Assessment and Communication has been made easier. All components of the Guidance (Mini-Checklist…
This paper discusses historical and future anthropogenic disturbance of river nutrient loads and export to coastal marine systems, which is a major global problem affecting water quality and…
Re-use of former farms and hidden urbanization of rural areas
In Western Europe the agricultural sector is confronted with decreasing revenues and complex regulations. These circumstances bring about three developments, which have consequences for rural areas…
The land-use projections and resulting emission in the IPCC SRES scenarios as simulated by the IMAGE 2.2 model
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) developed a new series of emission scenarios (SRES). Six global models were used to develop SRES but most focused primarily on energy and industry…
Responses to technology and taxes in a simulated world
A set of model experiments was performed to analyze the role of technology development on energy system responses to a uniform global carbon tax. Stabilization at a carbon dioxide concentration of 550…
The GEO-3 Scenarios 2002-2032 Quantification and Analysis of Environmental Impacts
The four contrasting visions of the world’s next three decades as presented in the third Global Environment Outlook (GEO-3) have many implications for policy − from hunger to climate change, from…
Comparison of modeled and observed stratospheric ozone springtime
Abstract: To investigate how well the global distribution of total ozone is simulated by models we have selected a number of parameters in climatological values we address are timing, magnitude and…
Quick scan health benefits and costs of water supply and sanitation
The objective of this report is to outline the development issues in the interaction of water & sanitation and population health in general, and to summarise possible solutions to reduce the water…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency