Decarbonizing the cement industry: Findings from coupling prospective life cycle assessment of clinker with integrated assessment model scenarios
In the race to achieve global climate neutrality, carbon intensive industries like the clinker and cement industry are required to decarbonize rapidly. The environmental impacts related to potential…
Comparing the ambition of EU companies with science-based targets to EU regulation-imposed reductions
Companies can support governments in bridging the emissions gap between current policies and the Paris goals by adhering to voluntary greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets that align with or…
Global regionalized characterization factors for phosphorus and nitrogen impacts on freshwater fish biodiversity
Inefficient global nutrient (i.e., phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N)) management leads to an increase in nutrient delivery to freshwater and coastal ecosystems and induces eutrophication in these…
Environmental impacts of extraction and processing of raw materials for the energy transition
Both the European Critical Raw Materials Act and the Dutch Raw Materials Strategy promote mitigation of negative environmental impacts associated with the production of strategic and critical raw…
Disutility of climate change damages may warrant much stricter climate targets
Cost-benefit integrated assessment models (IAMs) inform the policy deliberation process by determining cost-optimal greenhouse gas emission reduction pathways based on economic considerations. These…
Decarbonisation Paths for the Dutch Aviation Sector
Aviation accounts for a significant share of global greenhouse gas emissions. The Dutch aviation sector can be made CO 2 -neutral by 2050 if enough sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) replace fossil jet…
Paris targets within reach by aligning, broadening and strengthening net-zero pledges
Many countries have recently announced the ambition to reach net-zero emissions targets. Here we explore the climate and energy transition impacts of the following strategies using the IMAGE…
Abolishing fossil fuel subsidies: A brain teaser rather than a no-brainer
In this study, CPB and PBL conclude that the discussion on fossil fuel subsidies in the Netherlands focuses primarily on the level of tax revenue that is potentially foregone due to exemptions or…
Costs and benefits of synthetic nitrogen fertiliser for global production of cereal grains in 2015 and in 2050 under contrasting scenarios
Increased use of synthetic N fertiliser has boosted global cereal grain production, but has also led to a massive increase of reactive N loss and environmental impacts. This paper quantifies the…
Experts and expertise in practices of citizen engagement in climate policy: a comparative analysis of two contrasting cases
The need for engaging citizens in climate policymaking is increasingly recognised. Despite indications that the form of expert involvement can strongly influence participatory processes, this remains…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
