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Exploring wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus flows in urban and rural areas in China for the period 1970 to 2015

China has experienced rapid population growth and increasing human N and P discharge from point sources. This paper presents a new spatial and temporal model-based, province-scale inventory of N and P…

Analysis of cost-effective reduction pathways for major emitting countries to achieve the Paris Agreement climate goal

This report presents cost-effective greenhouse gas emission reduction pathways for major emitting economies to keep global warming below 1.5 °C or well below 2 °C, as projected from least-cost…

Energy efficiency options in the Dutch manufacturing industry

This report on energy efficiency options in the Dutch industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims…

Quantifying future sanitation scenarios and progress towards SDG targets in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

Two main targets of SDG 6 (Sustainable Development Goal) are to achieve universal and equitable access to improved sanitation and to halve the proportion of untreated wastewater by 2030. We compiled a…

Inland Waters Increasingly Produce and Emit Nitrous Oxide

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a long-lived greenhouse gas and currently contributes ∼10% to global greenhouse warming. Studies have suggested that inland waters are a large and growing global N 2 O source…

Less livestock in northwestern Europe?

Direct intervention in the size of livestock herds is not considered a main option in European agricultural policies nor in policy option studies. Nevertheless, livestock buyout schemes have been…

Energy planning in Sub-Saharan African countries needs to explicitly consider productive uses of electricity

Studies show the role of various electrification technologies in providing electricity access to households in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on electricity demand for end-use services such as…

Credibility gap in net-zero targets leaves world at high risk

Global climate policy is undergoing a rite of passage. What used to be a conversation about ambitious target-setting now focuses increasingly on implementation and interventions to put these targets…

Uncertainty in non-CO2 greenhouse gas mitigation contributes to ambiguity in global climate policy feasibility

Despite its projected crucial role in stringent, future global climate policy, non-CO 2 greenhouse gas (NCGG) mitigation remains a large uncertain factor in climate research. A revision of the…

The role of peatland degradation, protection and restoration for climate change mitigation in the SSP scenarios

Peatlands only cover a small fraction of the global land surface (∼3%) but store large amounts of carbon (∼600 GtC). Drainage of peatlands for agriculture results in the decomposition of organic…