The role of negative CO2 emissions for reaching 2 °C-insights from integrated assessment modelling
Limiting climate change to 2 °C with a high probability requires reducing cumulative emissions to about 1600 Gigatonne CO 2 over the 2000–2100 period. This requires unprecedented rates of…
On the potential contribution of spatial planning in combination with unbreachable embankments in the design of a robust flood risk system, exemplified for the Netherlands
The Dutch flood-risk management policy has recently been revised. The previous policy exclusively aimed at flood prevention. The new policy recognises that, although the probability of flooding is…
Providing the right price incentives is key to stimulating green growth. This report discusses how to assess tax options in the context of energy and climate policy and offers some important lessons…
Evaluatie van opties om het Europese emissiehandelssysteem te hervormen
Een minimumprijs voor emissierechten biedt de beste kansen om het Europese emissiehandelssysteem (ETS) te laten functioneren als een effectief instrument in de strijd tegen CO 2 uitstoot. Een…
Evaluation of policy options to reform the EU Emissions Trading System
A minimum price for emission allowances offers the best opportunity for the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) to function as a key policy instrument in reducing CO 2 emissions. Such a price floor will…
Uncertainties in global-scale reconstructions of historical land use: an illustration using the HYDE data set
Land use and land-use change play an important role in global integrated assessments. However, there are still many uncertainties in the role of current and historical land use in the global carbon…
A Population–Employment Interaction Model as Labour Module in TIGRIS XL
This paper looks at the integration of a population–employment interaction model in the TIGRIS XL model framework. TIGRIS XL is an integrated land-use and transport model which is actually a system of…
Gebiedsontwikkeling en commerciële vastgoedmarkten
Bouwactiviteiten in de nabijheid van panden die leeg staan, het is een bekend beeld geworden in Nederland. De leegstand van winkels en kantoren is opgelopen tot respectievelijk 8 en 16 procent. Hoe…
Costs and Benefits of Nitrogen for Europe and Implications for Mitigation
Cost-benefit analysis can be used to provide guidance for emerging policy priorities in reducing nitrogen (N) pollution. The results support the priority for further reduction in NH 3 and NO x…
Dorpen vergrijzen. Dat impliceert bepaalde ruimtelijke opgaven, maar biedt ook nieuwe perspectieven aan dorpen. De oudere van de toekomst is immers vitaal, welvarend, mobiel en hoog opgeleid. Het…
Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving
